BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(8)

8. METODOLOGI #JOMTULISTESIS

Okey, kita dah masuk ke bab 3 ye. Bab 3 ini bab metodologi. Metodologi ini memang kita bila salah huraian. Kalau salah huraian memang akan salah semuanya. Jadi kalau kita lihat dalam bab 3 . okey, kita ada banyak subtopik. Tujuannya, supaya kita sendiri faham dan pemeriksa pun faham, orang lain yang dimana-mana sahaja berasa dalam Malaysia, luar negara bila baca pun faham kerana kita huraikan setiap cara kita menjalankan kajian. Itulah namanya metodologi . Jadi di sini kita lihat, kita ada banyak subtopik di sini. Satu pengenalan, reka bentuk kajian, kaedah kajian terbahagi kepada sampel, jika perlulah maknanya kalua ada kajian kita menggunakan sampel dan juga lokasi kalau kita menggunakan responden untuk dekat sekolah ke di mana-mana lah, orang kampung ke. Kemudian kita ada bahan, instrument kajian, prosedur, kerangka teori, kerangka konseptual dan juga kesimpulan. Okey seperti biasa pengenalan kita tadi dalam satu perenggan. Itu tiada masalah iaitu 3.1 pengenalan. Kemudian, kita ada reka bentuk. Dalam reka bentuk huraian itu, dalam pendek je sebenarnya dalam satu perenggan. Kita jangan keliru ya, kita Cuma dalam reka bentuk ini kita hanya terangkan adakah kita menggunakan kaedah kualitatif atau kuantitatif. Okey itu kalau kita gunakan kedua-duanya kita jelaskan. Okey, jadi kalau misalnya awak nak buat rujukan sedikit dekat sini menurut siapa-siapa tapi adalah wajar untuk tidak beri definisi. Nak buat apa kita bagi definisi kuantitatif atau kualitatif. Nak buat apa! Tak perlu beri ini. Cuma kita berikan bahawa bab 3 ini huraian tentang kajian kita yang kajian kita hendak jalankan. Jadi dalam satu perenggan cerita pasal kaulitatif atau kuantitatif atau kedua-duanya. Kemudian kita masuk ke 3.3 baru kaedah kajian. Kaedah kajian ini itulah yang kita hendak jalankan kajian ini . apa kaedah yang kita gunakan. Jadi kalau disini kita gunakan sampel. Jadi letak lah kita akan letak siapa. Okay contoh sampel kajian saya menggunakan 20 orang pelajar. Jadi sekarang ini saya perlu pastikan bahawa saya kena huraikan dengan terperinci iaitu pelajar sekolah rendah, lelaki berapa, perempuan berapa. Umur 9 tahun. Kena spesifik ya. Yang lelaki dan perempuan perlu berapa lelaki, berapa perempuan. Kita dah cakap sekolah rendah. Kemudian ada satu lagi, subtopik iaitu lokasi. Lokasi ini kena letaklah. Contoh, Sekolah Kebangsaan Serdang. Masalahnya sekarang saya tahu sekolah tu di mana tetapi pemeriksa tak tahu. Pemeriksa mungkin tinggal di negeri lain jadi dia tak tahu kat mana. Mungkin kita akan letak koordinat dan lebih bagus letak peta. Peta daripada Google Maps daripada yang jelas menunjukkan lokasi sekolah ini daripada jalan besar …ohh sekolahnya disini. Dan juga awak akan tahu lah sekolah ini luar bandar ataupun bandar. Jadi kena jelas terperinci itu yang saya kata dalam Metodologi kena terperinci. Jadi ada lokasi. Kemudian kita ada bahan. Okay tadi kita punya kajian ini tentang Wacana Tekstual Skrip Animasi sekarang ini saya ada sampel, saya ada lokasi kajian ini. Sampel itu kita ambil pelajar sekolah untuk kita temubual untuk skrip animasi. Saya juga ada bahan ataupun instrumen yang saya gunakan. Jadi sekarang cerita tentang bahan ini, cerita tetang animasi cerita rakyat terbitan Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP) yang ditulis oleh Normaliza Abd Rahim pada tahun ini. Animasi cerita rakyat ini saya yang tulisnya dan lagu, lirik lagu, skrip semua saya yang buat dan diterbitkan oleh Dewan bahasa dan pustaka. Dan kalau nak tengok boleh tengok di Google Store iaitu 33 buah cerita dan 33 buah lagu. Ini promosi tiba-tiba. Okay sekarang, ini boleh siapa-siapa yang nak tunjuk pada anak sedara, atau jiran anak saudara, atau jiran punya, jiran punya anak saudara ataupun anak dia, cucu dia juga boleh. Murah je sebenarnya kita jual dan semua itu animasi  saya buat. Memang saya buat dan DBP yang terbitkan. Maknanya memang bahasanya bagus, cerita rakyat ialah cerita rakyat melayu kita turun temurun. Boleh tengok di Google Store. Di Apple tiada. Jadi sekarang bahan ini tadi akan letak synopsis. Sinopsis cerita rakyat. Contohnya tajuk cerita rakyat nombor satu iaitu Cenderawasih. Contoh ya, saya letak sinopsis di sini. Saya perlu letak sinopsis, sebab sekarang kita perlu ingat, kita tahu cerita ini, tetapi pemeriksa tak tahu. Orang yang nak baca tesis kita tak tahu. Jadi kita letaklah sinopsis, kalau misalnya cerita ni saya ambil 20 cerita rakyat. Letak 20 sinopsis cerita dalam ni. Mesti letak dan perlu letak. Kemudian kita pergi ke prosedur. Jadi prosedur kita ini, kita kena letak  kekadang ada Terpulang kepada pelajar dan juga penyelia Ya ada prosedur yang dia letak dalam bentuk point 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 sampai 10 ada yang letak dalam bentuk perenggan bermakna kalau ada lima prosedur dia letak lima perenggan boleh tak ada masalah. Asalkan kita tahu bahawa prosedur pertama ada kaitan dengan prosedur kedua ada kaitan dengan ketiga, keempat adalah berkaitan Janganlah nombor satu awak kata awak ambil apa nama ni awak panggil pelajar ataupun eh tadi nak ikut obejktif satu dia kenal pasti skrip wacana tekstual. Awak ambil skrip animasi tersebut kemudian awak analisis analisis dengan menggunakan ni ni ni ni tiba-tiba, prosedur kedua awak dah panggil pelajar untuk untuk beri pendapat bilanya panggil budak tu membaca skrip tu bila pula tu macam seolah langkah itu  prosedur dah melompat-lompat jadi salah. Jadi pastikan ini terpulang bentuk point atau bentuk perenggan tetapi perenggan. Tetapi pastikan ia mengikut macam mana awak jalankan kajian. Itu penting, langkah bagaimana jalankan kajian tu Awak je yang tahu orang lain semua tak tahu jadi kena langkah satu satu Okey balik kepada 3.5 merupakan analisis. Analisis ini penting ya Sebab sekarang ini kita ada dua objektif jadi awak Huraikan mengikut objektif pun boleh jadi huraikan analisis pertama pertama apa digunakan dengan cara begini Jadi di sinilah awak akan letak yang awak buat coding tadi Ingat tak coding yang saya cerita kat dalam dekat dalam bab 4 tadi macam contoh saya okey. Contohnya, awak dah buat coding SK1 hingga SK30 merupakan skrip lah. Skrip 1 hingga 30. S1 hingga S30 ialah sampel. Jadi itu, analisis ini awak kena jelaskan dan huraian tadi jelas itu SK ini biasa dia kadang-kadang dia akan buat dalam bentuk jadual iaitu dalam maksudnya sini SK maknanya ni skrip Okey bermakna SK1 maknanya skrip satu sampel. Tadi awak nak pakai sampel Satu bermakna sampel satu ini dia punya kotak Nanti huraian awak ceritalah SK merujuk kepada apa-apa dia hurai, hurai, hurai, hurai sebab ini coding ni penting sebab dalam data kalau tak ada coding-coding kita nak letak ni kita tak faham takkanlah kita nak cari kali nak taip skrip 1, skrip 2, skrip 3. Tak boleh lah macam tu kan dan Ada juga yang ni pula kalau awak dah ada yang ini kena ada pula satu lagi jadual yang menunjukkan SK1 maknanya cerita apa Cenderawasih okey SK2 cerita apa Okey burung pipit contoh dia. ini tajuk tajuk daripada skrip skrip yang awak dapati daripada cerita animasi itu tadi kena letak ni lepastu hurai, hurai kemudian bawah tu Barulah awak ceritakan macam mana awak analisis data tersebut berikan contoh macam mana awak nak analisis jadi yang ini kadang-kadang pelajar pandai dia tengok Bab 4 Okey macam mana dia bawa empat-empat tu sikit letak dekat sini contoh analisis supaya pemeriksa faham “Oh.. begini cara dianalisis rupanya untuk objektif satu”. “Oh begini cara dianalisis untuk objektif dua” asingkan cara awak nak huraian tentang analisis objektif satu dengan objektif dua dan objektif ketiga di situlah baharu pemeriksa faham cara analisis data ini buat macam mana. nanti kita ada 3.4  kerangka teori jadi kerangka teori ini pada 3.4 Okey kerangka teori. Sudah ini barulah bawah ini Huraikan tentang teori rajah 1 di atas da..daa…daaa…daaaa dan dalam inilah awak Huraikan satu persatu ni huraian-huraian ni tentang teori Normaliza Abd Rahim Ini yang ini sahaja lebih kurang 2 hingga 3 halaman sebab ini penting kerana huraian tentang teori ini penting kerana macam saya katakan sebelum ini bahawa kita menganalisisi data kita jalankan kajian mesti berpaksikan teori tak ada teori Memang payah nak jalan Jadi takkan kita nak pakai analisis je. ada juga saya dapati bila saya jadi pemeriksa Viva ada juga pelajar yang bila dia bentang-bentang memang terkejutlah, mata saya terbuntang sekejap ternganga sekejap sebab kata “Oh tiada teori yang tidak digunakan” Oh letih masa tu memang terkejut memang tak tahu apa nak buat macam mana boleh analisis data tiada teori. Dia kata “saya rasa” ini semua main saya rasa dia ni memang tak kemanalah rasalah sendiri. Jadi sekarang dia rajah satu huraikan semuanya tiap-tiap satu ini tapi ingat huraian tentang teori jangan salin bulat-bulat. Macam contohnya teori saya ada dalam buku saya ini Kajian Wacana Strategi Komunikasi Teori Dan Aplikasi. Ada dalam buku teori itu, ada jugaklah budak pergi salin bulat-bulat. Dia ingatkan kita ni tak tengok ke. Saya rajin membaca ya. Jadi jangan. Ubah ayat itu, orang kata kena parafrasa ayat-ayat itu jadi tapi kena sebutlah menurut Normaliza Abd Rahim (2019) kandungan bla bla bla bla bla bla jadi ceritakan ceritakan tentang teori dan juga dalam teori ini boleh juga cerita tentang teori analisis wacana Normaliza Abdul Rahim merujuk kepada teori yang dicadangkan oleh siapa siapa siapa sebelum ini memperbaiki teori yang terdahulu sebab teori yang lama semua yang didapati 1980, 1977 ada yang terlalu lama sedangkan kita perlu tahu pada zaman dahulu tu kita manusia pun berbeza, Kita dah digital sekarang manusia dia lebih banyak bercakap dah berani bercakap secara maya dan juga sebenarnya itu memang boleh buat kajian banyak ya. Bila bercakap sekarang kanak-kanak kecil kita tanya satu dia jawab 46 jadi dulu memang zaman dulu memang orang tua-tua cakap itu tanya dia satu soalan dijawab 10 tapi sekarang zaman 2020 kita tanya satu soalan dijawab 47 jawapan memang kita nak dengar sampai kata-kata stop dia tak berhenti-berhenti bagi jawapan siap kita pergi supermarket beli barang tak habis lagi bagi jawapan.Itu kanak-kanak sekarang,  Sebab itu kita tidak bolehlah pakai yang lama kerana kadang-kadang tidak relevan dengan keadaan sekarang ini. Tambahan pula jika kita nak buat kajian tentang interaksi tentang unjaran tentang penulisan berbeza dulu punya tahun 6 dia punya tatabahasa dan berbeza dengan sekarang yang tahun 6 yang nak dekat sama macam kita di tingkatan 5, dia jadi sangat berbeza Sebab itulah kita kalau jumpa teori yang baharu kita pakai yang baru sebab orang yang membuat kajian ini yang melahirkan teori ini telah melakukan beratus-ratus kajian Sebelum dia dapat satu kajian ini. Seperti juga Teori Analisis Wacana Normaliza Abdul Rahim dia ni dah buat kerja nak dekat beratus kali baru dapat teori ini Itu pun jenuh bertukar-tukar cuba ni lagi cuba eksperimen ini lagi eksperimen itu tak jadi tak jadi. Akhirnya dia dapat satu yang boleh sesuai dengan keadaan zaman digital kita sekarang ini. Okey  kita ada 3.5 kerangka konseptual jadi kerangka konseptual ini mengikut  penyelia masing-masing lah sebab ada penyelia yang mengatakan kerangka konseptual tu seperti tatacara ada yang mengatakan ini bukan kerangka konseptual mana mana. Ini saya dan jelaskan dalam buku ini sebenarnya semua ini tertakluk kepada penyelia dari Universiti.  Dia cuma panduan je buku ni saya tak suruh pun beli. Tapi kalau nak carilah ada dekat shopee pun ada jual saya pun terkejut UPM jual. Dia kata di Shopee pun boleh beli. Okey ni sekarang  ini kalau kita lihat contoh yang saya nak tunjukkan tentang kerangka konseptual. Ini menunjukkan kerangka konseptual ini cara saya yang saya rasa saya katakan tadi Mungkin penyelesaian berbeza dia penyelia akan kata “Eh ni bukan kerangka konseptual ini macam tatacara” , ini ada yang kata itu ada yang kata “ohh inilah cara lain” tak apa jangan bimbang jangan gusar pelajar ya ikut sahaja cakap penyelia masing-masing ingat yang ini panduan saya nak ajar ni pun cara saya nak bagi supaya awak dapat bayangkan “Oh ini cara dia” tapi bila awak buat mungkin lain tidak mengapa tak ada masalah. Bila kerangka konseptual tu ada dia letak dalam satu halaman bila kerangka konseptual ada kita lihat sekali sedangkan awak dah hurai semua ni dalam bab 3 tapi bila sekali saya tengok baru saya faham alur dia tu “Oh gunakan ini instrument” “Oh bahan dia ini nak” jadi kita dapat lihat lah dengan lebih jelas dekat sini Kalau saya nak terperinci saya patah balik tengok dia punya huraian bagi tiap-tiap satu satu begitu. Bagi saya Itulah kerangka konseptual jadi bagi pelajar terpulanglah macam mana tapi ini bagi saya ini jelas Okey kalau tengok bahan okey nak tengok lebih terperinci tengok dekat dalam bab 3. Jadi ini diletakkan di akhir Jadi yang ini 3.5 ini tidak perlu huraian langsung tak perlu huraian kerana huraian sudah pun dibuat letak je kat atas ni satu halaman memang habis. Kemudian 3.6 terus masuk kesimpulan jadi dalam kesimpulan ini macam biasa awak simpulkan dalam satu perenggan ingat ya macam saya katakan tadi semua bab ada kesimpulan kecuali bab  5 semua bab ada pengenalan, kecuali semua eh takda pengecualian. jadi kena ada siapa-siapa pun dalam tu memang Huraikan apa dalam tu. Okey untuk bab 3 biasa dia tanya “ Prof beberapa halaman ya bab 3”. Jadi bab 3 ni kita sebenarnya tak,  Sebab kita cuma ada benda-benda semua huraian yang kita guna ya Jadi tak perlu banyak Bukanlah sampai 40 halaman. Okey dalam ni pun dia ada nyatakan biasanya yang ini saya, saya kata tak perlu banyak 10 hingga 12 macam tu jangan sampai 20 halaman kalau 20 halaman bendalah awak nak buat. Mungkin yang banyak tu di sini sinopsis cerita , mungkin yang itu yang banyak. Tetapi yang lain-lain itu semua kita jelaskan. Macam kita cerita pasal sampel okey ini dia, okey bahan ini dia la kalau contoh kita Buat kajian tentang Instagram contoh dia kan. Jadi kita letak bahan kita boleh screencapture satu contoh letak dekat situ. Okey contoh yang Instagram itulah. kita boleh letak kat situ tapi ini tak perlulah sebab kita ada sinopsis sikit bagi 20 cerita  itu kita itu jadi lebih panjang dapatlah lebih kurang 10 hingga 12 halaman. Sebab ini bukan bab analisis ini bab cara kita menjalankan kajian Okey selain daripada itu, saya rasa untuk bab 3 ini kalau lihat semua saya dah jelaskan dengan terperinci dan juga huraian bagi setiap satu tu kena panjang ya sampai lokasi, bahan kena panjang. Kadang-kadang ada juga pelajar yang letak kata rintis contoh-contohnya dalam prosedur tentang rintis yang kajian rintis. Boleh juga sebab kita nak dimaklumkan bahawa kajian rintis dijalankan kadang-kadang dia letak bab 3. Okey, boleh juga nak diletakkan di situ supaya kadang-kadang yelah kajian rintis melibatkan soal selidik sebagai data rintis. Banyak kali round pun belum dapat yang betul lagi. Sehingga soal selidik itu betul-betul sempurna. Jadi itu boleh dijelaskan, tetapi jika tidak melibatkan soalan tidak mengapa. Contohnya, dalam bahan ini kajian ini melibatkan skrip kan. Jadi kalau melibatkan soalan temu bual. Maknanya, di sini kena ada satu lagi iaitu 3.3.4 instrumen sebab ini tadi tidak pakai ya. Kalau melibatkan soal selidik jadi itulah instrument. Kena huraikan instrument apa, soal selidik, jadi dalam soal selidik ini biasanya akan letak sahajalah di lampiran. Boleh juga. Tetapi jelaskan apa yang ada. Okey, bahagian A ini mempunyai apa dia, bahagian B apa dia. Bahagian C apa dia. Okay ini 3.3.4.1. selepas itu, awak juga perlu ada soalan temu bual. Boleh kalau awak hendak letakkan kajian rintis. Jadi adalah semua semuannya disini. Itu kalau anda pakai instrument, kalau tiada tak perlu. Jadi sekarang kena ada. Jadi misalnya, soal selidik itu tidak mahu letak disini. Boleh letak dalam lampiran. Soalan temu bual boleh letak sebab tak banyak soalan. Jadi biasanya, kajian yang kita jalankan perlu, adalah trianglelation. Maknanya sekarang pada bahagian ini kita ada temu bual, mungkin lagi satu ada buat pemerhatian, ialah kalau hendak jumpa pelajar itu. Dia kena ada pemerhatian. Pastikan bahawa pemerhatian itu jelaskan dengan pelajar macam mana cara dia. Adakah awak pasang video letak ditepi, awak perhatikan dia temu bual antara awak dengan pelajar itu, atau dua orang pelajar di hadapan. Awak kena ceritakan. Ceritakan cara-cara itu di sini. Cara pemerhatian itu dijalankan. Selepas itu, semasa prosedur itu, jelaskan step by step daripada mula sampai habis. Kalau nak asingkan ikut objektif pun tidak mengapa. Sebab objektif awak tadi berbeza dengan objrktif kedua. Okey boleh faham tak?. Saya ulang balik, kita ada pengenalan, reka bentuk. kita ada pengenalan reka bentuk, kaedah, lokasi, bahan atau instrumen ini memang adanya di sini saya tertinggal. Jadi kita ada bahan kita jelaskan bahan. Kalau kita datang sana Lepas itu kita asingkan dengan instrumen yang digunakan. Jadi kalau ada kedua-duanya letak sekali tapi pastikan penomboran itu berbeza dan prosedur, analisis dan kemudian kita ada kerangka teori dan kerangka konseptual dan akhirnya kesimpulan. Jadi, dalam akhir bab ini lebih kurang 10 hingga 12 muka surat paling banyak 15. Jadi biasanya jarang pelajar buat sampai 15 halaman sebab tiada apa yang kita boleh jelaskan dengan panjang lebar. Jadi ingat bab 3 in sangat penting. Bab 3 ini untuk kajian kita. Makna huraian bagaiman cara untuk kita nak menjalankan kajian. Jadi yang dalam ini, ingat tidak perlu bila awak tulis sampel, kemudian awak tulis definisi sampel. Nak buat apa? Kita tak mahu hendak baca tentang itu, ada juga pelajar tulis menurut kamus dewan blab la blab la. Memang lah nak kena garis dengan pen merah. Tidak perlu definisi-definisi semua ini. Sebab yang ini semua kita punya, pelajar punya. Kecuali di sini awak hendak cerita sedikit definisi, bukan definisi tetapi rujukan. Boleh. Kalau tiada rujukan tiada  masalah. Sebab ingat bab 3 ini kita punya, kecuali teori. Teori bukan kita punya. Itu sahaja bukan kita punya yang lain memang kita punya sebab kita hendak bagi pemeriksa faham tentang macam mana kajian kita dijalankan. Kita hendak beritahu misalnya pelajar lain, bila baca merujuk tesis kita. Mereka akan faham terus tentang bagaiman kajian ini dijalankan.

8. METHODOLOGY #JOMTULISTESIS

Okay, we've got to chapter 3 yes. Chapter 3 is a methodology chapter. This methodology is . If the description is wrong, everything will be wrong. So if we look in chapter 3. Okay, we have a lot of subtopics. The purpose, so that we ourselves understand and the examiner also understands, other people who at everywhere in Malaysia, abroad when reading also understand because we describe every way we conduct the research. That is the name of the methodology. So here we see, we have a lot of subtopics here. An introduction, study design, research methods are divided into samples, if necessary, it means that if there is a study we use the sample and also the location if we use, the respondents school anywhere, the villagers to. Then we have materials, research instruments, procedures, theoretical frameworks, conceptual frameworks and even conclusions. Okay as usual our introduction earlier in one paragraph. That is no problem is 3.1 introduction. Then, we have a design. In the design of the description, in short is actually in one paragraph. We do not confuse yes, we Only in this design we only explain whether we use qualitative or quantitative methods. Okay then if we use both we explain. Okay, so if for example you want to make a little reference near here according to anyone but it is reasonable not to give a definition. What do we want to do for a quantitative or qualitative definition. What do you want to do! No need to give this. We just give that chapter 3 is a description of our study that our study is about to conduct. So in one paragraph the story of a qualitative or quantitative article or both. Then we go into the new 3.3 study method. The method of this study is what we want to conduct this study. what method do we use. So here we use a sample. So place it we will place who. Okay an example of my study sample using 20 students. So now I have to make sure that I have to describe in detail which is primary school students, how many boys, how many girls. 9 years old. Be specific. Which boys and girls need how many boys, how many girls. We've talked about primary school. Then there is another, subtopic that is location. This location must be located. For example, Sekolah Kebangsaan Serdang. The problem now is I know where the school is but the inspector does not know. The examiner may live in another country so he does not know where. Maybe we will place the coordinates and better place the map. The map from Google Maps clearly shows the location of this school from the main road… ohh its school here. And also you will know this school is rural or urban. So it must be clear in detail what I said in the methodology needs to be detailed. So there is a location. Then we have the ingredients. Okay just now we have this study on Textual Script Animation Discourse now I have a sample, I have the location of this study. The sample we take school students for us to interview for the animated script. I also have materials or instruments that I use. So now the story about this material, the story about the animated folklore published by Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP) written by Normaliza Abd Rahim this year. The animation of this folklore I wrote and the songs, song lyrics, scripts all I made and published by Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. And if you want to see, you can look in the Google Store, which is 33 stories and 33 songs. This is a sudden promotion. Okay now, this can be anyone who wants to show a relative, or a nephew's neighbor, or a neighbor has a nephew or a child, his grandchildren can too. Cheap je actually we sell and all that animation I made. Indeed I did and DBP published. This means that it is a great language, folklore is our Malay folklore for generations. Can be viewed in the Google Store. In Apple there is none. So now this material will be synopsis. Synopsis of folklore. For example, the title of the number one folklore is Paradise. For example, I put a synopsis here. I need to put a synopsis, because now we have to remember, we know this story, but the examiner does not know. People who want to read our thesis do not know. So let's put a synopsis, if for example this story I take 20 folk tales. Put 20 synopsis of the story in here. Must place and must put it. Then we go to the procedure. So this is our procedure, we have to put it sometimes there is up to the student and also the supervisor Yes there are procedures he puts in the form of points 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 to 10 some put in the form of paragraphs meaning if there are five procedures he puts five paragraphs can be no problem. As long as we know that the first procedure is related to the second procedure is related to the third, the fourth is related. Do not number one you said you took what name you called the student or eh just wanted to follow objective one he identified the textual discourse script. You take the animated script and then you do the analysis by using this this this this all of a sudden, the second procedure you have called the student to give an opinion when calling the boy to read the script when it seems like the step the procedure has jumped so wrong . So make sure this depends on the shape of the point or the shape of the paragraph but the paragraph. But make sure it depends on how you conduct the study. That is important, the steps how to conduct the study You who know everyone else do not know so you have to take step one by one. Okay back to 3.5 is an analysis. This analysis is important yes because now we have two objectives so you can explain according to the objective can also describe the first analysis first what is used in this way. So here you will put what you did coding earlier remember or not coding that I told in close in the chapter 4 just like my example. okay. For example, you have coded SK1 to SK30 is a script. Scripts 1 to 30. S1 to S30 are samples. So, you have to explain this analysis and the description was clear that this SK is normal, sometimes he will do it in the form of a table, that is, in the meaning here SK means this script. Okay, meaning SK1 means a sample script. Just now you want to use sample one means this sample one he has a box later your description tell SK refers to anything he describes, describes, describes, explains why this coding is important because in the data if there is no coding we want to put this we I don't understand, we don't want to look for times to type script 1, script 2, script 3. It can't be like that, right? SK2 story what okay sparrows example him. This is the title of the script that you found from the animated story had to be placed here, then explain, explain then below. Then you tell me how you analyze the data, give an example of how you want to analyze, so this is sometimes a clever student he sees Chapter 4 Okay, how did he bring the four of them a little closer to here, an example of analysis so that the examiner understands "Oh .. this is how it is analyzed apparently for objective one". "Oh this is how it is analyzed for objective two" separate the way you want to describe the analysis of objective one with objective two and objective three where the new examiner understands how to analyze this data for how. later we have 3.4 theoretical framework so this theoretical framework at 3.4. Okay theoretical framework. Already this is just below explain about the theory of figure 1 above da..daa… daaa… daaaa and in this you explain one by one these descriptions about the theory of Normaliza Abd Rahim this alone is about 2 to 3 pages because this is important because the description of this theory is important because as I said before that we analyze the data we conduct the study must be based on theory there is no theory It is hard to work So we do not want to use analysis only. I also found that when I became a Viva examiner, there were also students who when they were really surprised, my eyes widened for a moment because of the words "Oh there is no theory that is not used". want to do how can data analysis no theory. He said "I think" this is all play I think he is nowhere to feel himself. So now he diagrams one elaborate all these one but remember the description of the theory do not copy completely. For example, my theory is in my book This Discourse Study of Communication Theory and Application Strategies. In the theory book, there are also slaves who go round and round. He reminded us not to look. I am diligent in reading yes. So don't. Change the sentence, people say they have to paraphrase the verses so but they have to say according to Normaliza Abd Rahim (2019) the content blah blah blah blah blah blah so tell a story about the theory and also in this theory can also be a story about the theory of discourse analysis Normaliza Abdul Rahim refers to the theory proposed by anyone who previously improved the previous theory because the old theories all found 1980, 1977 some are too old while we need to know in the old days we humans are different, We are digital now humans are more speaking has dared to speak virtually and in fact that can indeed do a lot of research yes. When talking now little children we ask one he answered 46 so in the old days it was the old people say if asked him one question answered 10 but now in 2020 we ask one question answered 47 answers we really want to hear up to words stop he does not stop for the answer ready we go to the supermarket to buy goods still not finish answering. That is the child now, That is why we can not wear the old one because sometimes it is not relevant to the current situation. Furthermore, if we want to do a study on the interaction of teaching about writing, it used to have a year 6, it has grammar and is different from now that year 6 grammar wants to be as close as we are in form 5, so it is very different. we adopt a new one because the person who made this study who studies to this theory has done hundreds of studies Before he got this one study. Like Normaliza Abdul Rahim's Discourse Analysis Theory, she has done work almost hundreds of times before she can get this theory. she is tired of exchanging and trying this experiment again, the experiment does not work. Finally she got one that can fit the current state of our digital age. Okay we have 3.5 conceptual frameworks so this conceptual framework is according to their respective supervisors because there are supervisors who say the conceptual framework is like the procedure some say this is not any conceptual framework. This is me and explain in this book actually all this subject  based on University. This is just a guide and for this book, I did not even ask you to buy it. But if you want to look for find in the Shopee, there is a sale, I was surprised that UPM sold it. They said at Shopee you can also buy. Okay now if we look at the example I want to show about the conceptual framework. This shows this conceptual framework is my way that I think I said earlier Maybe a different solution he supervisor will say "Eh this is not this conceptual framework is like a procedure", this is someone who said that someone said "Ohh this is another way" it is okay do not worry do not annoyed students yes just follow the words of their respective supervisors remember that this is a guide I want to teach this is also the way I want to share so that you can imagine "Oh this is his way" but when you do something else it doesn't matter there is no problem. When the conceptual framework is there, it is placed in one page, when the conceptual framework is there, we see it once while you have explained all this in chapter 3, but when I look at it, I only understand the groove, "Oh, use this instrument" so we can see it more clearly near here. For me That is the conceptual framework so for students it depends on how but this for me this is clear Okay if you look at the material okay I want to look in more detail look closely in chapter 3. So this is placed at the end So this 3.5 does not need a direct description does not need a description The description has already been made to place  at the top of this one page is finished. Then 3.6 continues to enter the conclusion so in this conclusion as usual you conclude in one paragraph remember yes like I said earlier all chapters have a conclusion except chapter 5 all chapters have an introduction, except all eh there are no exceptions. so there must be anyone in there to describe what is in there. Okay for the usual chapter 3 he asked "Prof how many pages for chapter 3". So chapter 3 we actually do not, because we only have things all the descriptions we use yes So do not need much not up to 40 pages. Okay in this, also stated that this is usually me, I said you don't need a lot of 10 to 12 like that, don't reach 20 pages if you want to make 20 pages. Maybe that's a lot here is a synopsis of the story, maybe that's a lot. But the rest is all we explain. Like we told the story about this sample, he is okay, this material is okay, if our example, do a study on Instagram, for example. So we put the material we can screen capture an example put near there. Okay example that Instagram is. we can put it there but this is not necessary because we have a little synopsis for the 20 stories we are so much more length can be about 10 to 12 pages. Because this is not this chapter of analysis, the chapter on how we conduct research Okay other than that, I think for this chapter 3 if you look at everything I have explained in detail and also the description for each one has to be long yes to the location, the material has to be long. Sometimes there are also students who put the word of pilot study for example in the procedure about the that pilot study. Can also be the reason we want to be informed that the pilot study is conducted sometimes they puts chapter 3. Okay, can also want to be placed there so that sometimes the pilot study involves a questionnaire as pilot data. Many times the round has not got the right one yet. Until the questionnaire is absolutely perfect. So that can be explained, but if it does not involve questions it does not matter. For example, in this material this study involves scripts right. So if it involves interview questions. Meaning, here there must be another one which is 3.3.4 instrument because this was not used yes. If it involves a questionnaire then that is the instrument. It is necessary to describe what instrument, the questionnaire, so in this questionnaire will usually be placed only in the appendix. Yes. But explain what is there. Okay, this part A has what it is, part B what it is. Part C is what it is. Okay this 3.3.4.1. After that, you also need to have an interview question. Yes, if you want to put a pilot study. So is everything here. That is if you use an instrument, if there is no need. So now there must be. So for example, the questionnaire does not want to be placed here. Can be placed in the attachment. Interview questions can be asked because there are not many questions. So usually, the study we conduct is necessary, is trianglelation. This means that now in this section we have an interview, maybe another one for observation, is if you want to meet the student. He needs to be observed. Make sure that the observation explains to the student what kind of way it is. Do you put a video on the side, do you notice him interviewing you and the student, or two students in front. You have to tell me. Tell us about those ways here. The way the observation was carried out. After that, during the procedure, explain step by step from start to finish. If you want to separate according to the objective, it does not matter. Because your objective was different from the second objective. Okay can you understand ?. I repeat, we have an introduction, a design. we have an introduction to the design, method, location, material or instrument this is indeed here I am left behind. So we have the material we explain the material. If we come there, then we separate it with the instruments used. So if there are both placed at once but make sure the numbering is different and the procedure, analysis and then we have a theoretical framework and a conceptual framework and finally a conclusion. So, at the end of this chapter there are about 10 to 12 pages at most 15. So usually students rarely make up to 15 pages because there is nothing we can explain at long length. So remember chapter 3 is very important. This chapter 3 is for our study. The meaning of the description of how we want to conduct a study. So in this, remember it is not necessary when you write a sample, then you write the definition of the sample. What do you want to do? We do not want to read about that, there are also students who write according to the dictionary. You really want to draw a line with a red pen. No need for definitions of all this. Because this is all we have, students have. Except here you want to tell a little definition, not a definition but a reference. Yes. If there is no reference there is no problem. Because remember this chapter 3 we have, except theory. The theory is not ours. That's all we do not have others we do have a reason we want for the examiner to understand how our study is conducted. We want to tell for example other students, when reading refer to our thesis. They will understand directly about how this study was conducted.

PAUTAN VIDEO :

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EQSL1RPfhtk

RUJUKAN :

Normaliza Abd Rahim (2019). Jom Tulis Tesis. Penerbit Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang.

Bukti kehadiran Minggu 11:

Bukti SS subcribe YouTube:

 

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(6)

 

6. DEFINISI OPERASIONAL & ORGANISASI KAJIAN (BAB 1) #JOMTULISTESIS

 

Bab 1 seterunya kita pergi 1.8 iaitu definisi operasional. Okey agak sukar ya kadang-kadang pelajar ni dia agak keliru, operasional bermakna tentang definisi yang tentang kajian kita jalankan bukan definisi konsep. Bukanlah definisi macam contoh ada pelajar pergi buat apa makna tekstual. Satu animasi, satu cerita, satu rakyat, satu Melayu, itu salah ya. Kita bukan nak definisi itu. Kalau definisi tiap-tiap satu inilah pelajar akan rujuk kamus dewan je. Dia rujuk semua jenis kamus. Tak mahu. Jangan. Jadi operasional iaitu tentang kajian kita. Jadi biasanya definisi operasional ini minima dua ataupun maksima paling maksima pun tiga. Tentang bagaimana kita nak jalankan kajian ni supaya bila pembaca, baca baru faham. Owh ini maksudnya. Jadi kalau kita tunjuk tajuk ini kitab oleh ambil satu wacana tekstual. Okey lagi satu skrip, animasi, cerita rakyat Melayu. Boleh kalau kita nak ambil bezakan skrip animasi. Jadi satu skrip animasi yang takde kaitan pulak skrip animasi apa. Jadi kitab boleh teruskan untuk tajuk ini mungkin ada dua. Tajuk yang lain mungkin ada tiga. Kalau kita ambil tajuk daripada kejuruteraan. Contohnya, mungkin operasional ada banyak. Sebab kita dia ada banyak dia punya pembolehubah dekat dalam tu. Kalau daripada apa nama yang kalau buat tesis science pun begitu. Ada banyak pembolehubah yang membolehkan kita membuat definisi operasional. Supaya pemeriksa faham apa kaitan tu dalam dengan dalam tesis tersebut. Kalau dari segi, kalau kita tengok tesis dan bentuk ekonomi pun begitu. Kita ada banyak dia punya pembolehubah. Jadi akan mungkin lebih daripada tiga. Jadi untuk yang ini kita fokus kepada dua. Ni saya bagi contoh ya. Jadi awak boleh berat dalam macam ni. Kemudia letak contohnya wacana dan tekstual. Tapi wacana tekstual ni awak nak kaji nak buat definisi operasional ni mesti berkaitan dengan kajian. Ya mesti berkaitan dengan kajian dan pastikan bahawa bukanlah yang bermakna yang kena ambil rujukan daripada perlu ada rujukan. Ini perlu ada rujukan. Ada satu cara, satu maknanya awak buat wacana tekstual. Orang kata apa berkaitan dengan kajian awak. Wacana tekstual yang berfokus kepada skrip animasi. Wacana ini yang berfokus kepada skrip animasi. Wacana ini wacana tekstual ini akan di analisis dengan menggunakan tiga elemen. Ni contoh lah ya. Contoh tiga elemen iaitu kandungan konteks dan andaian. Jadi wacana tekstual menurut buku Normaliza Abd Rahim (2019), wacana tekstual boleh jadi rujukan. Dia juga 1.8.2 iaitu skrip animasi cerita rakyat ni. Jadi ini kenalah berkaitan dengan kajian awak. Apa dia huraikan serba ringkas. Skrip animasi, cerita rakyat ini terdiri daripada 20 cerita sebab dalam awak punya tesis, awak punya analisis 20 cerita. Jadi ni cerita tersebut skrip berbentuk apa dia. Jadi huraian mungkin yang ini skrip animasi, cerita rakyat ni awak huraikan ialah kita nak berkaitan tentang kajian kita. Jadi takde rujukan awak nak letak takpe boleh diterima sebab definisi yang ini memang berkaitan dengan kajian awak. Jadi ada dua cara. Satu cara mempunyai rujukan. Ini ada rujukan jadi yang kedua tiada rujukan maknanya awak buat huraian. Huraian tentang wacana tekstual tu dari segi konteks awak punya tesis. Jadi takde rujukan. Dia boleh diterima tetapi macam saya katakan sebelum ini. Rujuk penyelia. Kalau rujuk pengenalan, penyelia ada macam saya katakana sebelum ini. Ini kita berbeza pendapat. Berbeza sekolah jadi difference school of tough. Jadi pemikiran kita berbeza. Jadi pemikiran penyelia kalau ada satu juta penyelia kita ada satu juta pemikiran yang berbeza. Jadi terpulang kepada penyelia. Jadi kalau saya tiba-tiba hari ini saya kata okey memang tak perlu sebab bagi saya definisi operasional ni tentang kajian bagaimana awak nak jalankan kajian. Nama pun operasional. Jalankan kajian bahan kita nak definisi konsep bukannya kita apa jadi kalau ada rujukan pastikan kalau nak buat rujukan tak boleh ya. Ini tak boleh rujuk kamus. Dah kenapa nak rujuk kamus. Tak payah. Kena rujuk daripada kajian-kajian. Banyaknya rujuk kamus yang kata menurut Kamus Dewan Edisi Keempat, wacana tekstual iyalah bla bla bla. Tak boleh. Tak boleh itu pun kita pun tahu. Jangalah rujuk kamus. Dah kenapa kan. Jadi kita rujuk rujukan. Rujukan kajian-kajian daripada orang lain ya. Saya kata satu boleh rujuk kedua tiada rujukan boleh dan terpulang kepada penyelia masing-masing. Jadi kalau diterima itu iyalah akurlah. Ikut cakap dia. Jadi sekarang ini kalau kita lihat setelah ambil definisi operasional. Kita ada teruskan iaitu kat belakang ini ada ya subtopik 1.9 iaitu organisasi  kajian. Okey organisasi kajian ini sebenarnya terpulang kepada individu. Kepada pelajar  dan juga penyelia. Yang ini biasanya saya akan suruh untuk pelajar PHD. Pelajar PHD saya akan suruh letakkanlah organisasi kajian. Kadang-kadang pelajar Master pun boleh kalau tak letak pun takpe. Ini boleh pilih. Jika perlu organisasi kajian ini awak buat dalam bentuk perenggan. Jadi perenggan pertama apa ada dalam bab 1. Kemudian perenggan seterusnya perenggan 1 apa ada dalam bab 1. Perenggan 2 apa dalam bab 2 perenggan 3 ni kita nak organisasi. Kita nak buat secara ringkas supaya bila penyelia baca dia rasa owh bab 1 ada bend ani rupanya. Bab 2 ada bend ani rupanya. Bab 3 ada ni, jadi organisasi penyusunan. Penyusunan tesis kita secara teratur. Jadi perenggan dalam ringkas sahaja. Ringkas sahaja kerana macam saya nyatakan kat sebelum ini setiap baba da pengenalan. Pengenalan tu kita dah katakana dah apa ada dalam bab tesebut. Tetapi dalam organisasi kajian ini kita kena nyatakanlah secara ringkas apa ada dalam tiap-tiap perenggan. Jadi untuk pelajar PHD memang saya wajibkan supaya dia sendiri boleh faham apa ada dalam tiap-tiap bab. Kalau pelajar Master bolehlah kalau dia nak barat. Tak barat pun takpe. Pelajar bachelor pun takpe. Diploma pun takde masalah kalau ada yang nak buat. Pokoknya terpulang kepada penyelia. Dan akhir sekali 1.10 baru masuk kesimpulan. Semua dah saya macam saya katakana tadi semua dah mesti ada kesimpulan. Takde kesimpulan manalah boleh. Kita nak simpulkan apa ada dalam bab tersebut. Jadi ada yang saya dapati tesis takde kesimpulan tentang macam ni. Bila tergantung habis je terlupa yang ini. Jadikan, kita tengok dah masuk bab 2. Jadi takde kaitan langsung dengan bab 2. Tak boleh. Kita kena ada kesimpulan, kesimpulan ini kita simpulkan apa ada dalam bab 1 dan juga ingat ayat akhir. Ayat akhir kita kena letak kaitakan dengan bab seterusnya. Bab seterusnya iaitu bab 2 akan membincangkan sorotan kajian bla bla bla. Jadi bolehlah kita dapati bahawa ada kesinambungan antara bab 1 dan bab 2. Jadi serupa juga macam saya terangkan dalam bab 2 lain. Dalam bab kesimpulan mestilah ayat akhir mesti ad akita nyatakan apa ada dalam bab seterusnya. Jadi penting ada kesimpulan. Tapi tulah macam saya katakana tadi, different crost  tough. Jadi bila berbeza takpelah kita redha dan kita terima. Okey dah bab 1. Ini kita dah bersemangat dah bab 1 kita ni maknanya kita dah habis bab 1. Lupa nak cakap berapa halaman bab 1 ya prof? Okey bab 1 ini kita biasanya halaman ya, halaman bab 1 ni kita sebab kita dah masuk dia punya orang kata apa latar belakanglah, persoalan, kita punya masalah kajian semua tu lebih kurang lapan hingga 10 sahaja. Inikan yang saya katakan ada pelajar letak sampai 30 halaman dia akan jadi macam seolah-olah buat sorotan kajian. Itu dah salah sebab masalah kajian kita ambil betul-betul penting masukkan dekat dalam tu. Sedangkan kita tahu bahawa dalam bab 2 memang banyak ada jurang dekat situ. Jadi itu pun semua adalah masalah tetapi kita ambil yang penting sahaja. Jadi bila dia letak masalah kajian itu ada 30 bermakna dah memang jadi sebanyak 15 halaman dijadikan 30. Dah salah dah. Sebabnya yang penting sekarang ini dia akan jadi samalah dengan bab 2. Dia jadi masalah kajian itu perenggan lebih. Bersemangat sangat dia tulis permasalahan kajian dia jadi 15 halaman. Ya itu memanglah sikit dah jadi macam sorotan kajian. Dah jadi salah. Jadi saya katakana tadi permasalahan kajian itu kita fokuskan ikut objektif. Objektif ada dua. Dua perenggan masalah kajian, objektif ada tiga, tiga perenggan ia dapat padat dekat dalam tu. Walaupun ringkas tetapi padat. Jadi dikaitkan dengan objektif tapi yang selebihnya sorotan ataupun jurang penyelidikan yang lain mempunyai masalah ada dalam bab 2. Jadi pelajar boleh rujuk disitu. Jadi ni kita buang kita letak lebih kurang macam ni. Paling lebih 12 muka surat. Tapi jangan kurang daripada lapan. Dah jadi macam kurang halaman. Jadi lebih sikit boleh. Kalau nak sampai 15 pun boleh. Boleh diterima. Sebab mungkin dia bersemangat nak tulis latar belakang., Tak ada masalah. Tetapi janganlah lebih. Lebih sampai 15. 15 tu orang kata dah tak bolehlah kita takut dia jadi seperti macam saya katakana tadi seperti sebulat bab 2. Jangan. Jadi bila bab 2 tu mulalah pemeriksa akab clash ini tak boleh. Ini tak boleh. Clash dia potong-potong. Saya kalau misalnya panjang sangat saya lipat halaman terus saya Tulis kat sini sepatutnya masuk bab 2. Sebab masa viva senang saya ingat yang saya lipat tu adalah setebal-tebalnya yang ada kertas pun ada masalah kajian. Sebab dia berleter je lebih dekat dalam tu entah pape menurut pendapat sayalah. Bukan saya maksudkannya pendapat dia. Dia kata ianya seperti bahawa pelajar ini memang tidak suka belajar. Masa tu baca kertas awak tu siapa yang awak kata awak dapati dia boleh tengok sekali. Itu dia kata pelajar tak suka mengira contohnya. Dia dapati sekali itu pun dia tengok anak buah dia masa raya. Masa raya yang dia jumpa dua minit. Lepastu dia kata anak buah dia pergi main dekat belakang. Itu dia dapati budak tak nak mengira 1 sampai 20. Dia tidak tahu bahawa hari raya siapa pulak nak mengira 1 sampai 20. Kena pulak buat ujian, ujian depan bapak saudara. Nak kena baca sifir pulak kat depan tu. Kalau di abaca sifir dapat duit raya banyak tidak apa la juga. Okey jadi kita ingat ya dalam bab 1.

6. DEFINITION OF OPERATIONAL & STUDY ORGANIZATION (CHAPTER 1) #JOMTULISTESIS

 Chapter 1 next we go 1.8 which is the operational definition. Okay, it's a bit difficult, sometimes student is a bit confused, operational means about the definition of the study we are conducting is not a definition of a concept. It is not a definition of an example where students go for what textual meaning. The animation, the story, the people, the Malays, it is yes. We do not want that definition. If the definition of each of these is the student will refer to the board dictionary. He referred to all types of dictionaries. I don’t want like that. Don't. So operational that is about our study. So, usually this operational definition is a minimum of two or a maximum of at least three. About how we want to conduct this study so that when the reader understands. This is what it means. So, if we show the title of this book by taking a textual discourse. Okay again the script, animation, Malay folklore. Yes, if we want to differentiate between animated scripts. So, an animated script that has nothing to do with any animated script. So, the book can go on for this title there may be two. Other titles may have three. If we take a title from engineering. For example, there may be many operations. Because we have a lot, he has variables close in there. If from what name if you do a science thesis. There are many variables that allow us to make operational definitions. So that the examiner understands what the connection has to do with the thesis. In terms of, if we look at the thesis and the economic form as well. We have a lot he has variables. So, there will probably be more than three. For this one we focus on two. Let me give you an example. You can writes like this. Then place for example discourse and textual. But this textual discourse you want to study to make this operational definition must be related to the study. Yes, it must be related to the study and make sure that it does not mean that there should be a reference than there should be a reference. This needs to be a reference. There is one way, one means you make a textual discourse. People say what is relevant to your study. Textual discourse focused on animated scripts. This discourse focuses on animated scripts. This discourse this textual discourse will be analyzed using three elements. Here is an example. Examples of three elements are contextual content and assumptions. So textual discourse according to the book Normaliza Abd Rahim (2019), textual discourse can be a reference. He is also 1.8.2 which is the animated script of this folklore. So, this has to do with your research. What he described briefly. Animated script, this folk tale consists of 20 stories because in you have a thesis, you have an analysis of 20 stories. This is the story of what the script is like. So, the possible explanation that this is an animated script, this folk tale you describe is that we want to be relevant about our study. So, no reference you want to place cannot be accepted because this definition is indeed related to your study. So, there are two ways. One way is to having a reference. This has a reference so the second one has no reference meaning you make a description. The description of the textual discourse in terms of the context you have a thesis. So, no reference. He is acceptable but as I said before. Consult a supervisor. If you refer to the introduction, the supervisor is like I said before. This we disagree. Different schools become different schools of tough. So, our thinking is different. So, the thoughts of the supervisor if there are one million of our supervisor we have a million different thoughts. So, it is up to the supervisor. So, if I suddenly today say okey there is no need for me to give this operational definition of the study of how you want to conduct the study. The name is operational. Do a study of the material we want to define the concept instead of us what so if there is a reference make sure if you want to make a reference cannot. This does not refer to the dictionary. Why do you want to refer to the dictionary. No need. Must refer to studies. Many refer to dictionaries that say according to the Fourth Edition Board Dictionary, textual discourse is blah blah blah. Cannot. We can't even know that. Do not refer to the dictionary. Why? So, we refer to the reference. Reference studies from others yes. I said one can refer the second no referral can and it is up to the respective supervisor. So, if it is accepted, then agree. Follow him. So now if we look after taking the operational definition. We have to continue that behind this there is yes subtopic 1.9 which is the study organization. Okay the organization of this study is actually up to the individual. To students as well as supervisors. This one I usually recommend for PHD students. My PHD student will tell you to set up a study organization. Sometimes Master students can even if they don't put it. This is optional. If necessary the organization of this study you do in the form of paragraphs. So, what is the first paragraph in chapter 1. Then the next paragraph is paragraph 1 what is in chapter 1. Paragraph 2 what in chapter 2 paragraph 3 we want to organize. We want to make it brief so that when the supervisor reads its he feels chapter 1 there is a bend any apparently. Chapter 2 there is a bend apparently. Chapter 3 is here, so organization organization. Regular preparation of our thesis. So, paragraph in brief only. It's simple because like I said before, every baba is an introduction. That introduction we have already said what is in that chapter. But in the organization of this study we have to state briefly what is in each paragraph. So, for PHD students, I am obligated so that he himself can understand what is in each chapter. If he is a Master student, he can if he wants to go west. Not even west. Bachelor students are not allowed. Diplomas are not a problem if anyone wants to do it. The point is up to the supervisor. And finally, 1.10 just came to the conclusion. Everything I did like I said earlier, everything must have a conclusion. There is no conclusion where it can be. We want to conclude what is in the chapter. So, I found that the thesis did not draw conclusions about this kind. When it hangs, I forget this one. So, we see that it has entered chapter 2. So, it has nothing to do with chapter 2. It cannot. We have to have a conclusion, this conclusion we summarize what is in chapter 1 and also remember the last sentence. Our final sentence has to do with the next chapter. The next chapter which is chapter 2 will discuss the highlights of the study blah blah blah. So, we can find that there is a continuation between chapter 1 and chapter 2. So, it is similar as I explained in others chapter 2. In the conclusion chapter must be the final sentence must ad akita state what is in the next chapter. So, it is important to have a conclusion. But the plague like I said earlier, different crost tough. So, when it is different, we must not be satisfied and we accept. Okay, chapter 1. Now we are excited about chapter 1, this means we have finished chapter 1. I forgot to say how many pages of chapter 1, prof? Okay this chapter 1 we usually pages, this page chapter 1 we because we have entered he has people say what the background is, questions, we have a study problem all about eight to 10 only. Here I say there are students who put up to 30 pages he will be as if to make a study highlight. That is wrong because the problem of our study is really important to put close in there. While we know that in chapter 2 there are many gaps near there. So even that is all a problem but we take only the important ones. So, when he puts the problem of the study there are 30 means that it has become 15 pages into 30. It is wrong. The important reason now is that he will be the same as chapter 2. He is the problem of the study paragraph more. Very enthusiastic he wrote the problems of his study so 15 pages. Yes, of course it has become a bit of a study highlight. It went wrong. So, I said earlier that the problem of the study we focused on following the objectives. There are two objectives. Two paragraphs of the study problem, the objective is three, three paragraphs it can be dense close in there. Although simple but compact. So, it is related to the objective but the rest of the highlights or other research gaps have problems in chapter 2. So, students can refer there. So here we throw our place more or less like this. At most 12 pages. But not less than eight. It has become like less pages. So, a little more can. If you want to reach 15, you can. Acceptable. Because maybe he is eager to write the background., No problem. But do not overdo it. More until 15. 15 people say we cannot be afraid of him so like I said earlier as a whole chapter 2. Do not. So, when chapter 2 starts, the examiner will not be able to clash. This is not possible. Clash him in pieces. For example, if I am very long, I will fold the page and I will write it here. It should go into chapter 2. Because the viva time I was happy to remember that I folded it is as thick as paper and there is a study problem. I do not mean his opinion. He said it was like that this student did not like to study. At that time, read your paper, who did you say you found he could see once. That he said students do not like to count for example. He found that once he looked at his men during the feast. The time he spent was two minutes. Then he said his men went to play near the back. That he found the boy did not want to count 1 to 20. He did not know that on Eid who would want to count 1 to 20. He had to go for a test, the next test of your uncle. I want to read the cipher at the front. If you can read a lot of Raya money, it doesn't matter. Okay so we remember yes in chapter 1.

PAUTAN VIDEO :

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6bANk-CrrhI

RUJUKAN:

Normaliza Abd Rahim (2019). Jom Tulis Tesis. Penerbit Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang.

Kehadiran minggu 11:

Bukti SS subcribe YouTube:

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(7)

 

SOROTAN KAJIAN (BAB 2) #JOMTULISTESIS

 

Bab 2 sorotan kajian. Dalam sorotan kajian 2.1 pengenalan seperti biasa. Dalam pengenalan kita nak huraikan apa ada dalam bab ini. Juga kita jelaskan juga dalam bab ini juga terdiri daripada dua subtopik yang berkaitan. Pastikan subtopik itu berkaitan dengan tajuk kita. Jadi dicadangkan kalau biasanya untuk master, bachelor, dan juga terdiri daripada dua subtopik sebab itu terpulang. Kita tengok berapakah pembolehubah dalam kesetiap tajuk itu. Kemudian yang PHD pula kita, kita kadang-kadang ada tiga subtopik atau dua. Kita tengok juga apa pembolehubah dalam subtopik ini. Contohnya 2.2 ini kajian tentang okey kita ambil yang besar dulu. Jadi mungkin kita ambil kajian tentang wacana sahaja, Okey jadi kajian tentang wacana ini kita letaklah. Kita letaklah dalam kajian-kajian yang pastikan bahawa kajian itu satu mesti lima tahun kebelakang. Okey saya sudah jelaskan banyak kali bahawa lima tahun kebelakang maknanya tahun yang awak hantar tesis. Tolak belakang lima tahun. Bukannya tahun awak daftar. Kalau kita daftar 2020 kemudian awak nak tolak pulak ambil lima tahun kebelakang ini dah salah. Kerana awak baru daftar 2020, maknanya langkah awak nak hantar tesis 2023 mungkin. Jadi kalau hantar tesis 2023, maknanya sorotan kajian tentulah lima tahun kebelakang yang berakhir 2019. Jadi apa ada dalam ini mestilah yang lima tahun terkini, Jadi sebagai pelajar, awak tidak boleh katakana tiada kajian yang saya jumpa. Saya tak jumpa lah kajian ini prof. Saya tidak jumpa yang mana terkini. Saya jumpa yang 1928-an, 1960-an, awal 2000 itu tidak boleh. Semua kajian ada. Walaupun maknanya kalau apapun paling hampir adalah sikit-sikit hampir pun boleh. Itu yang jadi kita dapat jurang penyelidikan. Jadi yang ini awak boleh letakkan ataupun pastikan ambil satu kajian yang begitu menyerlah tentang wacana. Contohnya, bermakna awak huraikan semua tentang kajian tersebut kemudian sokong. Jadi sekarang dalam sorotan kajian ini perlulah cari persamaan dan perbezaan. Itulah jadinya kritis dalam sorotan kajian. Ini perlu cari persamaan, perbezaan. Barulah jadi kritis. Tidak bolehlah ada pelajar tulis sampai dua hingga tiga halaman. Contohnya, kajian oleh Normaliza Abd Rahim (2019), dia letak dua hingga tiga halaman. Dua tiga halaman nama Normaliza nama satu muka halaman. Satu yang lain itu dia tulis sahaja sampai tiga halaman. Sampai tidak ada rujukan langsung. Jadi itu salah caranya, kerana didapati tidak kritis. Kemudian awak boleh jurus kepada kajian tentang animasi. Secara menyeluruhnya animasi dari segi mana. Ni contoh animasi dari segi skrip sahaja ke animasi cerita biasa ke animasi cerita rakyat ke semua masuk disini. Ambil yang lima tahun terkini dan kita kalau buat sorotan kajian bukanlah Malaysia sahaja. Barat pun perlu diambil. Jepun, Korea, China semua kita perlu ambil supaya kita punya sorotan meluas terutamanya animasi. Memang ada banyak kajian dari Jepun terutama dari Korea, Jepun yang paling terkenal dengan animasi. Jadi huraikan dan pastikan kritis. Kemudia barulah masuk jurang penyelidikan. Okey dalam jurang penyelidikan ini pastikan bahawa dalam jurang penyelidikan ini kena jelaskan apa jurang yang ada dalam ini. Okey fokus pada ini berkait dengan kajian awak sendiri. Jadi awak senaraikan nama nama ini. Kajian ini berfokus kepada contohnya bla bla bla. Jadi kajian itu awak senaraikan kajian yang ada dalam ini. Okey ada juranglah dalam kajian tersebut kemudia itu bermakna kita nak jelaskan jurang itu senarai-senarai nama letakkan kat sini. Kaitkan balik dengan kajian kita. Kemudian serupa juga dengan kajian number dua. Senaraikan itu apa jurang dia. Apa persamaan sebab itu ada persamaan dan perbezaan. Kaitkan juga dengan kajian awak sendiri. Itu yang dari jurang penyelidikan. 2.5 kesimpulan okey jadi kita kenal pastikan rujukan lima tahun kebelakang number dua. Penulisan dalam sorotan kajian perlulah mecari persamaan dan perbezaan. Jadi kita perlulah kritis. Kajian yang hampir sama, kita banyak berbeza pun boleh tidak bersetuju. Bermaknanya ada perbezaan. Jadi cari perkataan-perkataan yang bersesuaian. Perkataan yang menyokong, tidak sokong tidak bersetuju. Ada banyak. Banyak jadi maknanya penyusunan ayat itu menunjukkan sama ada persamaan atau perbezaan. Serupa juga disini memerlukan penanda wacana. Penanda wacana ini sangat penting kerana kalau tidak nanti dia jadi tulisan awak sendiri. Macam awak buat karangan biasa tanpa penanda wacana. Ini harus kita lihat perkara-perkara penting lima tahun kebelakang persamaan perbezaan iaitu penulisan secara kritis mempunyai penanda wacana dan juga jurang penyelidikan pelu ada sebagai satu subtopik iaitu membuat kaitan kajian dalam sorotan ini dengan kajian awak sendiri. Jadi seperti biasa kesimpulan itu kita sampaikan seperti bab 2 yang lain. Ayat akhir dalam kesimpulan haruslah letak bab seterusnya iaitu bab 3 bla bla bla. Okey untuk halaman. Berapa halaman ya prof. Jadi biasanya kalau pelajar bachelor atau diploma dengan master biasanya kita letak yang sama iaitu yang ini 2.2 2.3 kita boleh letak 15, 15 halaman. Bermakna 15 halaman untuk ini, 15 halaman untuk ini. Untuk PHD sebab kita banyak kajian secara mendalam juga jadi 2.2 2.3 kita naik. Okey ini 30, ini 30 jadi 60 kalau kurang sikit pun lebih kurang macam 25, 25 berbeza jumlah halaman kerana kalau kurang sorotan nampak sangat pelajar itu tidak membaca. Tujuan kita ada sorotan ialah supaya kita dapat melihat perbezaan antara kajian yang ada dan mencari jurang penyelidikan kajian tersebut dan kaitan dengan kajian yang kita lakukan. Sebab itulah kita perlu banyak untuk kita. Kita sorot dalam bab 2 ini. Jika kurang maknanya apa benda yang kit acari perbezaan. Apa yang kita nak cari jurang penyelidikan, tidak ada. Jadi perlu sangat penting mempunyai jumlah halaman yang bersesuaian. Ada juga saya dapati bahawa bila saya menjadi pemeriksa pelajar PHD, pelajar master dia punya sorotan kajian adalah 14 halaman sahaja. Itu untuk dua ini bukan dua ini. Silap dia keseluruhan bab 2 ada 14 sahaja. Kemudian ada pelajar PHD dia punya 25 serupa juga pelajar PHD tu menulis 25 halaman untuk kesemua ini. Jadi tidak orang kata tidak bersesuaian dengan kajian PHD dia. Sorotan kajian ini juga penting serupa penting untuk bab 1, bab 3, bab 4, dan bab 5. Kira semua bab penting. Jadi janganlah yang ini jadi halaman terlalu sedikit sehingga kita tidak dapat nak mencari apakah jurang penyelidikan dia. Bagaimana awak menulis sorotan kajian ada persamaan tidak, ada perbelaan tak. Adakah awak buat penulisan secara kritis. Adakah awak menggunakan penanda wacana yang bersesuaian. Adakah awak sorot kajian daripada kajian lima tahun kebelakang. Ini semua penting dalam sorotan kajian.

STUDY HIGHLIGHTS (CHAPTER 2) #JOMTULISTESIS

 

Chapter 2 highlights of the study. In the study highlights 2.1 introduction as usual. In the introduction we want to describe what is in this chapter. Also, we explain also in this chapter also consists of two related subtopics. Make sure the subtopic is relevant to our topic. So, it is recommended that usually for master, bachelor, and also consists of two subtopics the reason is up to you. We see how many variables are in each of those titles. Then the PHD is ours, we sometimes have three subtopics or two. We also look at what variables are in this subtopic. For examples 2.2 this is a study on okay we take the big first. So maybe we take the study of discourse only, Okay, so we put the study of this discourse. We put in studies that make sure that the study one must five years ago. Okay, I have explained many times that the last five years mean the year you submitted your thesis. Push back five years. Not the year you registered. If we register for 2020 then you want to reject it and take it five years ago is wrong. Because you have just registered for 2020, it means your move to submit a 2023 thesis is possible. So, if you submit a thesis 2023, it means that the highlight of the study must be the last five years ending 2019. So, what is in this must be the last five years, So, as a student, you cannot say no study I found. I did not find this study prof. I did not find the latest one. I found that the 1928s, 1960s, early 2000s were not allowed. All studies are available. Although it means that whatever is closest is a little almost possible. That is why we get the research gap. So, this one you can put or make sure to take a study that is so obvious about the discourse. For example, it means you describe everything about the study and then support it. So now in the highlights of this study it is necessary to look for similarities and differences. That is critical in the study. This needs to find similarities, differences. Then it becomes critical. No student should write up to two to three pages. For example, a study by Normaliza Abd Rahim (2019), he placed two to three pages. Two to three page name Normaliza one page page name. The other one he only wrote up to three pages. Until there is no direct reference. So that's the wrong way, because it was found to be not critical. Then you can move on to the study of animation. Overall animation in terms of which. This is an example of animation in terms of script only to normal story animation to folk story animation to all come in here. Take the latest five years and we if the highlight of the study is not only Malaysia. The West also needs to be taken. Japan, Korea, China all we need to take so that we have a wide spotlight especially animation. There are indeed many studies from Japan especially from Korea, Japan which is most famous for animation. So, describe and make sure it is critical. Then came the research gap. Okay in this research gap make sure that in this research gap you have to explain what the gap is in this. Okay focus on this related to your own study. So, you list these names. This study focuses on for example blah blah blah. So that study you list the studies that are in this. Okay there is a gap in the study then that means we want to explain the gap the lists of names put here. Relate it to our study. Then similar to study number two. List that what a gap he is. What similarities caused there are similarities and differences. Also relate to your own study. That's from the research gap. 2.5 conclusion okay so we know make sure reference five years past number two. Writing in the study highlights should look for similarities and differences. So, we need to be critical. The study is almost the same, we differ a lot but can disagree. That means there is a difference. So, find the right words. Words that support, do not support do not agree. There are many. So many meanings that the sentence structure shows either similarities or differences. Similarly, here also requires discourse markers. This discourse marker is very important because otherwise he will be your own writing. Like you make a regular essay without a discourse marker. This we should look at the important things five years ago the difference of difference that is critical writing has discourse markers and also research gap there is as a subtopic that is to make the study in this spotlight with your own research. So as usual we convey that conclusion like the other chapter 2. The final sentence in the conclusion should be the next chapter which is chapter 3 blah blah blah. Okay for the page. How many pages does prof. So usually if a bachelor or diploma student with a master usually we put the same that is this 2.2 2.3 we can put 15, 15 pages. Meaning 15 pages for this, 15 pages for this. For PHD because we do a lot of in-depth research as well so 2.2 2.3 we go up. Okay, this is 30, this is 30 so 60 if it is a little less, it is about 25, 25 different number of pages because if there is less highlight, it looks like the student is not reading. The purpose of our highlight is so that we can see the differences between the existing studies and find the research gap of the study and its relevance to the study we are doing. That is why we need so much for us. We highlight in this chapter 2. If less means what things kit kicks the difference. What we are looking for is a research gap, there is none. So, it should be very important to have the appropriate number of pages. I also found that when I became a PHD student examiner, the master student he had a study highlight was only 14 pages. That's for these two not these two. Wrong he whole chapter 2 there are only 14. Then there are PHD students he has 25 similar also PHD students write 25 pages for all this. No one said it did not fit his PHD study. The highlights of this study are also equally important for chapter 1, chapter 3, chapter 4, and chapter 5. Calculate all important chapters. Don't let this be a page too little so that we cannot find out what the research gap is. How do you write the study highlights there are no similarities, there are no differences. Do you write critically. Do you use appropriate discourse markers. Did you highlight the study from the study five years ago. These are all important in the study highlights.

PAUTAN VIDEO :

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EQSL1RPfhtk

RUJUKAN :

Normaliza Abd Rahim (2019). Jom Tulis Tesis. Penerbit Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang.

Kehadiran minggu 11:

Bukti SS subcribe YouTube:

BBN3402SATU2020: MINGGU11 TERJEMAHAN VIDEO(5)

 

5. KEPENTINGAN KAJIAN (BAB 1) #JOMTULISTESIS

Bab 1, 1.6 Kepentingan Kajian, okay kepentingan kajian ini memang kita kena aaaa ceritakan atau jelaskan dengan lebih terperinci kerana di sini biasanya  kita dalam borang pemeriksa, kita ada satu bahagian yang menunjukkan apakah kepentingan kajian ini. Kalau kajian tak penting kenapa pula kita nak jalankan kajian.  Jadi sebab itulah ada kepentingan yang kita jalankan kajian. Jadi untuk bahagian ini kita akan tulis dengan menggunakan subtopik. Jadi subtopik kepentingan kajian ini dibawahnya kita ada lagi subtopik yang lain. Jadi yang bahagian ini aaaa kita kena ambil ye kalau contohnya sekarang kajian kita tentang wacana tekstual skrip animasi cerita rakyat, jadi kajian ini penting kerana apa, untuk siapa, jadi kita kena nyatakan. Tapi dalam kepentingan kajian ini kita kena jelaskan mengikut yang besar dahulu jadi kalau daripada kajian ini kita lihat mungkinlah kepentingan kepada masyarakat. Jadi apa dia, kena huraikan bawah ini aaa jadi masyarakat itu besar jadi bila besar itu kita huraikan dalam satu perenggan. Kemudian kita kecilkan lagi 1.6.2 apa yang kecik lagi, contohnya Kementerian Pelajaran atau Kementerian Pendidikan contohnya. Jadi letak tajuk ini maknanya kajian ini penting untuk yang ini. Jadi huraikan bawah dia tapi pastikan bila kita nak huraikan itu kita kaitkan balik dengan kajian kita, makna tajuk kita itu kajian kita dari segi mana dari sudut mana yang penting itu. Kemudian turun lagi yang kecil lagi mungkin sekolah dari sudut mana, dari segi mana yang pentingnya kajian ini. Jadi adakah ia penting kepada errr kepada cikgu sahaja guru besar ataupun pelajar jadi itu yang lain pulak jadi yang ini kita boleh letak pelajar jadi daripada besar hinggalah ke kecil. Jadi sekarang ini pelajar dari segi mana yang pentingnya huraikan pula satu perenggan kemudian yang yang sini mungkinlah dari guru sebab guru perlu menyediakan bahan untuk Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran (PNP).  Jadi kita huraikan daripada segi apa jadi dalam ini kadang kala ada dapati aaaa ada penyelia yang menyatakan bahawa setiap huraian dekat dalam ini yang awak sudah jelaskan untuk subtopik ini perlu disokong dengan kajian sarjana lain ataupun kajian-kajian lain. Boleh juga sebenarnya macam saya katakan terpulang kepada penyelia kerana saya ulang sekali lagi iaitu kita ini penyelia semua mempunyai Different skill of thought okay pemikiran kita berbeza jadi mungkin ada penyelia kataa “okay awak letak sokong, awak letak sokongan untuk setiap satu kenapa pentingnya kepada masyarakat, kenapa pentingnya kepada kementerian, kenapa sekolah, kenapa pelajar, kenapa guru”. Jadi kena ada sokong, jadi macam saya kalau dia huraikan dekat sini sebab, bagi saya ialah kepentingan kajian ini menurut kajian awak sendiri.  Jadi bila kita buat huraian yang disini harus berkait rapat dengan kajian kita maknanya huraikan dari sudut mana pentingnya.  Jadi bila kita buat huraian kalau bagi saya kalau tidak ada rujukan pun tidak mengapa kerana huraian yang awak tulis dalam ini sudah cukup jelas untuk setiap satu betapa pentingnya tiap-tiap satu ini betapa pentingnya kajian ini kepada masyarakat ke kementerian sekolah, pelajar dan guru. Jumlah kepentingan ini biasanya ialah takkan kita nak letak satu kepentingan sahaja nampak sangat tak penting kajian ini. Jadi kita biasanya kita akan letaklah minima 3 maksima 5 ini biasalah kalau misalnya nak lebih dari 5 boleh aa tetapi kalau terlampau banyak sangat mungkin yang banyak itu dalam kategori yang sama aa jadi tidak perlulah kita nak letak banyak sangat  subtopik. Kita boleh cantumkan supaya ianya boleh menjadi satu. Hal ini kerana apabila terlalu banyak kadang-kadang sebagai pemeriksa kita lihat “okay kenapa ini sama dengan yang ini contoh okay ini sama dengan ini.. ini sama dengan itu kenapa awak perlu huraikan aaaa nak pecah-pecahkan dia pula”. Jadi kalau minima 3 okay jadi kita boleh kumpulkan. Jadi ingat ye bila buat penyusunan kepentingan kajian ini mestilah daripada besar. Masyarakat itu luas kecil, kecil, kecil, akhirnya individu ke pelajar, guru.

 

5. IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY (CHAPTER 1) #JOMTULISTESIS

Chapter 1, 1.6 Importance of the Study, okay the importance of this study we do have to aaaa tell or explain in more detail because here we are usually in the form of examiner, we have a section that shows what the importance of this study. If research is not important, why do we want to conduct research. So that is why there is importance that we conduct research. So for this section we will write using subtopics. So subtopics the importance of this study under which we have other subtopics. So this part aaaa we have to take ye if for example now our study on the textual discourse of the animated script of folklore, so this study is important because what, for whom, so we have to state. But in the importance of this study we have to explain according to from the big party first so if from this study we see it may be important to society. So we have to describe in the paragraph that community is big so when it is big we will describe it in one paragraph first. Then we shrink again 1.6.2 which is much smaller, aaaa for example the Ministry of Education or the Ministry of Education for example. So put this title means this study is important for this one. So explain below it, but make sure when we want to explain it we link back to our study, the meaning of our title is our study in which aspect from which angle is important. Then go down a little more maybe school from which angle, in which aspect the importance of this study. So is it important to errr to the teacher only the headmaster or the student so that is the other. So this one we can place students from big to small. So now the students in terms of which is important to describe a paragraph later which here may be from the teacher because the teacher needs to provide materials for Teaching and Learning (PNP). So we describe in terms of what, so this sometimes there are aaaa there are supervisors who state that every close description in this that you have explained for this subtopic should be supported by other scholarly studies or other studies. It can also be true as I say it depends on the supervisor because I repeat again that we supervisors all have Different skills of thought okay our thoughts are different so there may be a supervisor saying “okay you put support, you support for each other and why it is important to society, why it is important to the ministry, why schools, why students, why teachers ”. So there must be support, so like me if he describes near here the reason, for me is the importance of this study according to your own research. So when we make the description here should be closely related to our study it means explain from which angle it is important. So when we make a description, if for me if there is no reference it does not matter because the description you wrote in this is already clear enough for each one how important each one is how important this study is to the community to the ministry of schools, students and teachers. The total importance of this is usually that we do not want to place only one interest seems very insignificant this study. So we usually we will put a minimum of 3 to a maximum of 5 is normal if for example we want more than 5 can aa but if too many it is very possible that many are in the same category aa so there is no need for us to put a lot of very subtopics. We can put it together so that it can be one. This is because when there are too many sometimes as examiners we see "okay why is this the same as this example okay this is the same as this .. this is the same as that why you need to explain aaaa want to break him as well". So if a minimum of 3 is okay then we can collect. So remember that when compiling the importance of this study must be from large. The community is small, small, small, finally individual to students, teachers.

PAUTAN VIDEO :

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Wvq6FToC9I

RUJUKAN :

 

Normaliza Abd Rahim (2019). Jom Tulis Tesis. Penerbit Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang.

Kehadiran minggu 11:

Bukti SS subcribe YouTube: